Early Learning Tools/Resources: For Families, Caregivers and Early Learning Educators
Many parents and caregivers, as well as teachers and early learning providers, are eager for information and resources on how to connect with babies and toddlers, manage young children's behavior, and help children develop relationships, regulate their behavior and emotions, and talk about their feelings. When the adults in children's lives have appropriate expectations of children's development at different ages, they have greater success—and much less frustration—with young children. Click the arrow button above to learn more.
Developmental Achievements
Enaganging in meaning Interaction to drive your babys social and emotional development
Virtually every aspect of early human development, from the brains evolving circuitry to the child's capacity for empathy, is affected by the environments and experiences that are encountered in a cumulative fashion, beginning early in the prenatal period and extending throughout the early childhood years. Early experiences shape development and influence children's continued progress along positive pathways.
Consider the following as opportunities to foster the emotional security of your baby and see page social and emotional development.
• Give your baby safe toys that make noises when shaken or hit.
• Play in front of a mirror, calling your baby by name and pointing to your baby’s reflection in the mirror.
• When talking to your baby, pause and wait for him or her to respond just as when talking with an adult.
• Play peek-a-boo and other games to that will make her open her senses.
• Name common objects when shown to your baby.
• Make a variety of sounds with your mouth and tone of voice.
• Repeat and expand the sounds your baby makes, such as “ma-ma” when he or she says “ma.”
• Show picture books and read stories to your baby every day.
• Give your baby toys with objects or knobs to push, poke or turn.
• Give your baby toys that stack or nest and show him or her how they work.
• Build a tower with your baby and show him or her how to knock it down.
• Establish a routine for bath and bedtime.
What can my baby do at this age?
Babies are rapidly developing their physical abilities at this age. They become mobile for the first time and safety in the home becomes an important issue. While babies may progress at different rates, the following are some of the common milestones your baby may reach in this age group:
• Rolls over easily from front to back and back to front
• Sits leaning forward on hands at first, then unsupported
• Bounces when supported to stand
• Gets on hands and feet and rocks back and forth
• May creep, scoot, crawl – backward first, then forward
• Begins to pull up to stand
• Reaches for and grasps objects using whole hand
• Bangs toy on table
• Can hold an object in each hand
• May hold a bottle
• Plays peek-a-boo
• Grasps object with thumb and finger by 8 to 9 months
• Begins teething, usually starting with the two center front teeth in the lower jaw, then the two center front teeth in the upper jaw
• Learns to drink from cup
• Puts everything into mouth
• Naps are usually twice, sometimes three times a day, for one to two hours each (on average)
• May begin to awaken during the night and cry
What does my baby understand?
A baby’s awareness of people and surroundings increases during this time. While babies may progress at different rates, the following are some of the common milestones in this age group:
• Responds to own name and “no”
• Pays attention to conversation
• Appears to understand some words (such as “eat”)
• Prefers mother over others
• Enjoys seeing self in mirror
• Responds to changes in emotions of others
• Is afraid of strangers
• Shows interest in and dislike of foods
• Makes attention-getting sounds, such as a cough or snort
• Begins to understand object permanence and can uncover a toy after seeing it covered
• May follow one-step commands with a sign to demonstrate (such as, “get the ball” while parent points to ball)
What can my baby say?
It is very exciting for parents to watch their babies become social beings that can interact with others. While every baby develops speech at his or her own rate, the following are some of the common milestones in this age group:
• Makes two syllable sounds (ma-ma, da-da)
• Makes several different vowel sounds, especially “o” and “u”
• Repeats tones or sounds made by others